Desenvolvimento e aplicação de sistema de monitoramento de umidade do solo baseado em Arduino para apoio ao manejo hídrico em cultivo protegido de feijoeiro: relato técnico

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of water stress on the development and productivity of black bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The experiment was conducted in a protected environment, using soil moisture sensors to monitor water conditions and control irrigation. Four treatments were established with different irrigation depths: 25%, 50%, and 70% of the ideal volume, along with a control treatment (100%). Plant development was assessed through physiological and morphological parameters such as height, number of pods, number of leaves, and root area. In addition, soil moisture was constantly monitored to efficiently adjust irrigation. The results indicated that reduced water availability significantly affected plant growth, with lower plant height and fewer pods in the treatments subjected to greater water stress. The presence of weeds also interfered with the results, highlighting the importance of controlling external variables in experiments of this nature. It is concluded that proper irrigation management is essential to minimize the impacts of water stress and ensure the productivity of black beans, especially in the face of climate change and water variability.